We use cookies to make your experience better.
Sea urchins or urchins are usually spiky, spherical animals, echinoderms in the Echinoidea class. About 950 species live on the seabed, all oceans and deep zones of the tidal zone up to 5,000 meters (16,000 feet; 2,700 fathoms). Their examination (hard shells) are round and spiky, typically 3-10 cm (1-4 inches) in. Sea urchins move slowly, crawl with their tube feet, and sometimes push themselves with their spines. They mainly feed on algae, but also eat slow-moving or sessile animals. Their predators include sea otters, starfish, wolf eels and triggerfish. Like other echinoderms, hedgehogs have five-fold symmetry adults, but their plute larvae have bilateral (mirror) symmetry, indicating that they belong to the Bilateria, the large group of phyla animals that also include chordates, arthropods, ringworms and molluscs. They are widely distributed across all oceans, all climates from tropical to polar and inhabit marine benthic (seabed) habitats from rocky shores to hadal zone depths. Sea urchins have rich fossil finds dating from the Ordovician, about 450 million years ago. Their closest relatives of the echinoderms are the sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea); both deuterostomes, a clade that includes chordates. The animals have been researched since the 19th century as model organisms in developmental biology because their embryos were easy to observe; This has continued with their genome studies because of their unusual five-fold symmetry and relationship chordates. Species such as the Granger Hedgehog are popular in aquariums, where they are useful for controlling algae. Fossil hedgehogs were used as protective amulets.
Dimensions | 180-230mm |
---|